Problem Behavior Syndrome Essay

Problem Behavior Syndrome Sandra Schaumleffel Everest University The life course view is that criminality may be best understood as one of many social problems faced by at-risk youth, referred to as problem behavior syndrome (PBS). In this view, crime is one among a group of interrelated antisocial behaviors that cluster together and typically involve family dysfunction, sexual and physical abuse, substance abuse, smoking, precocious sexuality and early pregnancy, educational underachievement, suicide attempts, sensation seeking, and unemployment. People who suffer from one of these conditions typically exhibit many symptoms of the rest. All varieties of criminal behavior, including violence, theft, and drug offences, may be part of a generalized PBS, indicating that all forms of antisocial behavior have similar developmental patterns. (Siegel, p. 228) I knew a girl whom I was best friends with for almost 10 years. During year 6 of our friendship, I moved out of state. We still kept in contact. As the years went by, we slowly stopped talking. When I finally moved back to our hometown, I found out that this friend had turned to drugs, violence, and had a very long criminal record. I wanted nothing to do with that because I was trying to better myself. Unfortunately, she is still running down that wrong path, in and out of jail, on various different types of drugs, and even losing custody of her three children. This friend of mine possesses many of antisocial behaviors. Some would include substance abuse, early pregnancy, educational underachievement, and unemployment. I’m not sure how she got into drugs, but I have tried multiple times to get her into rehab. She objects. When it came time to graduate from high school, her wrong ways and drug abuse prevented her from doing so. With being unemployed, having no education, and always on some kind of drug, I see this friend having problem behavior syndrome. References: Criminology: The Core, Fourth Edition (Larry J. Siegel)

Nutrition for Children Essay

If a parent or carer says that their child cannot eat a particular food it is important that the practitioners take note of this and make sure they respect the parent or carer’s instructions. Quite often there will be a noticeboard with the details of what children can and can’t eat, and it is usually kept in the kitchen. There could be numerous reasons as to why the child is not allowed to eat a particular food, so any wishes should be followed regardless of the reason. For example, it may be against the family’s religion or culture to eat particular foods; some religions believe that certain animals are sacred so eating the animal would be extremely offensive. This is important to respect because if a practitioner tries to feed a Jewish child pork, for example, when the parents find out they will be extremely offended that the practitioner went against their religion, as that is what they believe in. It may also be a personal choice; the parent or carer might just prefer their child not to eat particular foods. For example, in my setting one boy is not allowed to have sweets or chocolate because the parents have decided they don’t want their child to have a sweet tooth. Therefore the parents have been respected in their decision, because again they may get offended if the practitioners decide not to listen to them. Another, very important, reason a child will not be able to eat something is if they are allergic or have an intolerance to it. Therefore, if a child with an allergy or intolerance eats something containing the particular food it would mean the food will cause harm to their body, and sometimes very severely. For example, another boy at my setting is severely allergic to nuts; he must not come into any kind of contact with any kind of nut, because it will cause his throat to swell up and stop him from breathing. As a result of this any food that is provided for their snack must be approved by his mother, and if there is anything new the practitioners do not risk giving it to him, as they are not absolutely certain if it is completely nut free.

Psychology, IT and Individualism Essay

As information technology continues to develop with more people getting exposed to it, numerous changes are also taking place the field of psychology. Previously, many IT analysts frequently argued that psychology was taking longer than enough to implement and adopt technological advancements. However, recent researches indicate that the practices and methods applied in psychology have greatly transformed as a result of changes in information technology. First, the internet has been one of the major latest trends in psychology; it is highly associated with psychopathology (Wilson 2004). For instance, depression and loneliness have often been connected to the excess use of the internet since it results to addiction. Secondly, there is the use of information technology in counseling and psychotherapy. This is currently being done via the internet; this has resulted to some lack of privacy and confidentiality as well as loss of effectiveness in the practice since some important features such as facial expression and verbal expression has been lost (Wilson 2004). IT is also applied in research and development in psychology to enhance further growth and generation of useful knowledge. For instance, the authors of the current DSM IV-TR applied computerized criteria in revising the classification of disorders in the manual to come with a less flawless criterion of categorizing disorders and disabilities. Using IT, today’s psychotherapists have been able to make numerous improvements in the way through which they can reach, counsel and correspond with their clients (discussed in the next section) (Azucena, Hunter, 2001). The growth of Psychotherapy Psychotherapy refers to private individual counseling by professional psychotherapists. As a highly growing trend in psychology, psychotherapy is used by psychotherapists to assist them in developing deliberate interpersonal relationships with their clients as a strategy for helping the patient to improve their well being. The trend applies many modern techniques of building closer relationships with the patients such as face to face dialogues, home phone calls and regular visits of the therapist to the client (Azucena, Hunter, 2001). This trend is basically aimed at improving the mental health of the patient through interpersonal relationships. This represents a great shift in the nature of counseling psychology, psychiatry, occupational therapy, clinical psychology and other related fields in psychology. In essence, psychotherapy is not a new trend in the field of psychology since over the years, people have received private reassurance and counsel from others; what is new and becoming increasingly famous in psychology is the application of modern and deliberate professional techniques in psychotherapy. Such psychotherapeutic techniques include online counseling whereby a therapist handles client personally through creating client accounts where he can easily relate with the client on one-on-one(but not face-to-face) bases (Tredinnick, Fowers, 1999). Most of the new psychotherapeutic techniques are possible because of the advancements in the use of information technology in the field of psychology as discussed above. For instance, therapists encourage clients to use social networks to be able to communicate easily with them and their families. In addition, they also approve the use of phone calls whereby clients are free to call their physicians at any time of the day so that they can discuss their issues at convenience. However, modern psychotherapy is not without a number of flaws. Recently, concerns have greatly risen concerning the advancement of individualism in psychotherapy (Tredinnick, Fowers, 1999). Psychotherapy encourages individualism on both the therapist and the client. Individualism is a term used in psychology to refer to ways through which people recognize themselves only and concentrate on individual goals as opposed to collectivism. In this sense, psychotherapist no longer view psychotherapy as a collective discipline that require combined efforts with other experts in the field since they are in a position to carry out counseling and psychiatry without involving anybody else—they can visit their clients at home, chat with them online and make home phone class with them. This has resulted to a great decline in the success of psychology as a collective discipline (Tredinnick, Fowers, 1999; Azucena, Hunter, 2001). Conclusion The use IT in psychology and the advancement in psychotherapy are important developments in psychology and should be highly encouraged. However, it is upon therapists and other psychological professionals to ensure that this new trends are used effectively to prevent the decline evident in cooperation among professional bodies in the field of psychology due to individualism. References Azucena, P. G. , Hunter, H. G. (2001) Redefining Therapeutic Success with Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy, Cyber-psychology & Behavior, 4(3), pp. 484-489. Fowers, B. J. , Tredinnick, M. G. (1999). Individualism and psychotherapy; are psychologists leading or following individualistic trends? Counseling, Psychology Quarterly, 12(3): pp. 303-313 Wilson, J. T. et al (2004). Current trends in psychology and the behavioral sciences. University of Pittsburgh press: Pittsburgh, PA.

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

Globalization - Essay Example We can share our ideas not in one region or to people of one region but to different people of different regions. The internet has enhanced communication networking due to which, Morris and Ogan (2002) regard internet as a new communication technology and a new media in terms of globalization. Internet plays a crucial role in our day to day lives. Nobody can negate the effectiveness of internet in our lives. Internet is employed in business sectors, educational sectors, commercial sectors, governmental sectors, scientific discovery sectors and many others. The concept of globalization is also attached with the concept of internet. It is only because of internet that people are able to communicate through long distances. It will not be incorrect to say that internet has converted the world into a global village (Steger 34). The future of internet is quite bright because of its so much effectuality in our lives. It appears that in the future the role of internet will be increased. The old media or traditional media or mainstream media includes radio broadcasting, newspapers, magazine press, film industry and television broadcasting (Gorman 230). According to Gorman (2009), the transition started in 1970 with the development of technologies after which, a concept with the name of new media came to the forefront. With internet and telecommunication, people started looking towards internet as a new media as it offered many new ways to communicate in a much faster and timely manner. The internet mode of communication is much faster as compared to other traditional media. The internet technology boost was not felt with its development as media persons regarded it something related to academics and freebies (Morris and Ogan 1). However, with the passage of time, the efficacy of internet as new media is accepted all over the world. The concept of globalization also gained ground with the expansion of internet as a global media.

Foundation for marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Foundation for marketing - Assignment Example To the contrary, marketing is a financial investment with the customers being the Return on investment and is also a time investment where you only spend on it after learning well about your market (Grewal & Levy, 2010). In launching of a new product there a number of things that is vital to start with. You need to learn about the products or services chain and who the competitors are. This means you need to take a good market research in the industry which will help you determine whether the idea is viable. It will also help you identify your target market, analyse it and your capabilities. While researching, you could ask direct questions from the consumers or you could take your own research from existing information. Communication is a vital part of marketing as without it customers will just be aware but will actually not buy. You should have a unique selling proposition, unique features and benefits and a marketing message with a great image. You should be daring to be different. When you stand out and do things differently to attract attention and dare to go beyond any other business in your product or service line, you will definitely launch and sell your product or service with an agility y ou never imagined. In Claudio Vignali’s article, ‘McDonald’s: â€Å"think global, act local†-the marketing mix’, the author takes us on a journey of how the McDonald’s restaurants were established and how they came to grow through market mixing. After founding the restaurant in1937, the brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald were later joined by Ray Kroc, a milk-shake salesman giving him exclusive rights in 1954. The success made it rise in worth to become one of the greatest companies in the world’s history. The key to its international success according to the author was the use of franchising. They franchised to

Kinsey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Kinsey - Essay Example Many couples practice a number of techniques while having sex. The techniques are beyond the traditional style that captures the male in the superior position. It is crucial for the learning institutions to advise students regarding the safer sex, as well as, contraception. As indicated in the movie, the sex behavior of the Americans has changed remarkably. Homosexuality is no more a rare deviation of the sexual life. The same-sex marriages are common, and a number of states in the American have legalized homosexual matrimonies. In this respect, homosexuality has been decriminalized, and same-sex marriage in no more against the law in notable states. It is thus important to talk about human sexuality and incorporate the realities of homosexuality and other aspects of the sexual life. As evident in the scene that captures Kinsey giving an introductory lecture on human sexuality, learning institutions should have programs that present the correct statistics of the issues surrounding sexual behavior. Whatever the Americans do with their sex life is an important avenue in which researchers and learning institutions can examine in order to advance the knowledge about the human sexual

Mcdonalds vs Burger King Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mcdonalds vs Burger King - Research Paper Example Over the years the two companies have had advertising wars over product superiority such as the French fries wars. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the business models, advertising strategies, and financials of McDonald’s and Burger King. McDonald’s Company Profile McDonald’s was founded in 1955 by Ray Kroc. The hamburger chain restaurant has brought innovation into the industry since its inception. In 1975 they became the first company to ever offer a drive-thru window. Today the firm enjoys market leadership in the industry. The company achieved global sales in 2010 of $24,075 billion. The firm is a public company whose common stocks are traded in the NYSE under the symbol MCD. The company has over 32,737 restaurants across 118 countries worldwide serving nearly 64 million customers each day (Aboutmcdonalds, 2011). About 80% of the firm’s restaurants are independently owned franchises. The chief executive officer of the company is Jim Skinner. The organization has 1.7 million employees worldwide. Burger King Company Profile Burger King was founded in 1954 by James McLamore and David Edgerton. The company first TV advertisement aired in 1958 and by 1961 the firm began selling franchises. Burger King has 12,078 franchises worldwide. The firm has established operations in 73 countries. In 2010 Burger King achieved total revenues of $1,839 million. The firm is traded in the NYSE under the symbol BKC. The firm franchises nearly 90% of its stores. Burger King is the second largest fast food company in the world serving over 11 million customers worldwide (Bk, 2011). Business Model Comparison Burger King and McDonald’s both have similar business models. They are both burger chain franchises that have domestic and international operations. McDonalds has a larger operation than Burger King with over 20,000 more stores. McDonalds is a bigger international player with 17,276 foreign stores located across 118 countri es (Worldfranchising, 2011). McDonalds has a better brand value than Burger King. The firm has capitalized on that brand value by charging a 12% royalty fee which is 8% higher than the 4% royalty Burger King charges to its franchises. Both companies sell products of equal nutritional content. Burger offers in its combo better value due the fact that their hamburgers are bigger and of better quality meat. US customers prefer McDonald’s French fries over Burger King French fries. McDonald’s has a better $1 menu than Burger King. The organic growth model used by McDonald’s has been more effective at achieving a higher market share than Burger King’s growth strategy. Both companies were founded at around the same timeline. A difference between the franchises in terms of store capacity is that Burger King requires a building of a minimum size of 3,600 square feet, while McDonald’s stores can be located in buildings as small as 2,000 square feet. Marketi ng Comparison McDonald’s and Burger King both spend millions of dollars each year in marketing budget. A great portion of the marketing budget of these companies is financed by a special advertising fee the company charges to its franchises. Burger King and McDonald’s both charge their franchisees an advertising fee of 4% of the store’s revenue (Worldfranchising, 2011). McDonald’s has been more effective over the years at targeting children in comparison with Burger King. â€Å"

Current flow in a circuit (purely resistive and restive-capacitive Lab Report

Current flow in a circuit (purely resistive and restive-capacitive - Lab Report Example Current can be the flow of negative or positive charges or both. The conventional current direction of flow is the direction of flow of the positive charges, but the positive charges are immobile. Electrons carry the negative charge and in the direction opposite to that of electric or conventional current. For instance, if two metal plates or any other conductors are connected together by a wire e.g. copper wire, electrons flow from the conductor with higher potential toward the conductor with lower potential due to the potential difference between them. The electrons flowing between the two is referred as electricity and decreases with the decrease in the electrical potential. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the electrical potential difference by using devices like the battery, solar cells, or electrical generators and is connected to loads like motors, light bulbs, heaters etc. Since these devices are loads, they slow down the flow of electrons due to the electrical resistan ce they offer.. Two main types of current are DC and AC.... It is necessary to control current flowing in a circuit either by controlling the amount of voltage applied or the resistance in the circuit. This is done to avoid the undesirable results like damaging electrical components or valuables at home if for instance the optimal operating conditions are exceeded. Ammeter is used to measure the electrical current flowing through a circuit while voltmeter measures the electrical potential difference. Ammeter is placed in series and voltmeter in parallel with other components in the circuit. The ammeter will only measure the current in the branch it is placed but not current flowing in other branches of the circuit. Ammeters have relatively low resistance while voltmeters have high resistance. Power sources like a battery, generators are needed to keep current flowing in a circuit (Voltage-force which pushes the electrons) and also the circuit must be complete for the electrons to return to their source implying that conductors are necessary f or current to flow. Insulators like glass or plastic are needed to avoid current leakage or short circuiting which may result to cut off supply of power to various electrical devices or even damage them. The relationship between current, voltage and resistance in a circuit is clearly defined by Ohm’s law which states that â€Å"electrical current is proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance between any two points on a conductor provided the temperature of the conductor does not change† (James, Jack and Noble). I=V/R where: I=current (Amperes), V=Voltage(volts), R=Resistance (Ohms).Therefore when current increases, voltage in the circuit

Review of Telephone and Data Network Research Paper

Review of Telephone and Data Network - Research Paper Example There are total two network segments for all the departments located at this site. The first network segment includes corporate and finance department. The second segment includes MFG, MTLS and QA departments respectively. The third network segment includes laser jet printers. The fourth segment indicated as a gateway switch on the network diagram indicates another network segment connecting all the servers located at the site. The fifth segment indicates the factory floor. Lastly, the sixth segment indicates WAN segment including devices that are required to communicate with the WAN interface. Pontiac is responsible for generating custom-based plastic parts. After analyzing the network diagram, the site has total four network segments. Three out of four are segmented to provide network services to employees working on the site. One of the three network segments is proving connectivity to the WAN devices. The fourth network segment is connecting the workstations of the manufacturing floor. In the end, the remaining site that is the research and development facility, which is also the head office of Riordan manufacturing, consists of total five network segments. The first two segments are providing network services to four different department including Corp, Marketing, Finance and HR. The third segment is connecting color printers. ... Physical intervention is required as the hub backs up each network segment, if the hub become nonoperational, the workstations of the entire department becomes unavailable on the network. Moreover, it is not necessary that each network segment is using the same cabling scheme (Chapter 5: Topology). Due to compatibility issues, cross cabling or straight cabling is required, consequently making difficult for network engineers to troubleshoot network issues. However, in the current network diagram, a standardized cabling scheme is implemented to ease network management issues. Moreover, due to separate network segments on the network, some network segments may become vulnerable to threats, as network administrators do not have a centralized access to the network devices. These considerations must be analyzed during the network design stage of an organization. Network LAN Topologies Network topologies are essential before implementing a network as per requirements of an organization. Top ology is a framework defining the arrangements of every object on the network. This includes workstations, network components, servers, WAN devices and many more. There are total five topologies to design a computer network. However, all of these five topologies shares certain factors. Each topology demonstrates disadvantages as well as advantages that will be discussed further. The five different topologies are illustrated below: Star Topology Star topology is recommended for the wired local area network. It is the most widely adopted topology. The star topology supports the centralized provision of network resources and services. The support staff can manage the network administrative and troubleshooting tasks centrally. Star topology helps to implement centralized security

Facebook Financial evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Facebook Financial evaluation - Essay Example It is today headquartered in Palo Alto, California. In the year 2011, Facebook recorded revenues of $1.5 billion and was considered the largest for a venture capital raised by private equities (Annual Report, 2012). This remarkable return was attributed to engaging in partnership, advertising and analytics business. In addition, the company had been experimenting video streaming rentals and daily coupons and deals that have also proved potential areas for growth. This essay evaluates Facebook financial statements by reviewing the following financial ratios: a) current ratio, b) inventory ratio, c) debt to equity ratio, d) net profit margin, e) return on equity, and f) price earnings ratio to determine its performance between year 2010 and 2012. Current ratio This ratio determines firm’s ability to take care of short-term obligations. The higher the ratio, the more capable the company is to off-set its obligations and the lower the ratio the lower chances to meet short-term fin ancial obligations (Brigham & Houston, 2001). Current ratio= current assets/ current liabilities Details 2012 2011 2010 Current Assets 11,267 4,604 2,762 Current Liabilities 1,052 899 978 Current Ratio 10.71 5.12 2.82 The ratio has been on the increase from year 2010 at 2.82 to 10.71 in year 2012. This indicates that Facebook capacity to pay its short-term obligations has been on the rise (Eljelly, 2004). In addition, the company’s cash reserves have increased as well as its marketable securities. However, the current liabilities have increased at a reduced rate over the three years compared to increase in current assets. Inventory ratio This ratio indicates the number of times a firm’s inventory is sold and replaced over a given period. Low turnover shows poor sales, hence excess inventory whereas high ratio indicates effective buying or strong sales. Inventory turnover= sales/ Inventory Details 2012 2011 2010 Revenues 5,089 3,711 1,974 Inventory 0 0 0 Inventory turno ver ratio 0 0 0 In this case, the ratio is not applicable since the organization does not deal with physical stocks. Facebook engages in sale of services and hence stock does not form part of its financials. Debt to equity ratio This ratio measures Facebook financial leverage by dividing all the liabilities by stockholders equity. The ratio indicates the part of equity and debt the company has applied to finance its assets. Debt/ Equity ratio= Total liabilities/ Shareholders Equity A high ratio indicates that a company finances its growth with excess debt capital, hence leading to volatile earnings due to high interest expense (Campbell, Hilscher & Szilagyi, 2008). Basically, if a company’s operations are financed mainly through debt capital, the company may generate more earnings meaning it will have enough resources to cover costs of debt and also a return for shareholders. In the table below, it is evident that Facebook has consistently maintained equal portions (29%) of b oth debt and shareholders’ equity to finance it assets. Details 2012 2011 2010 Total Liabilities 3,348 1,432 1,002 Shareholders’ Equity 11,755 4,899 3,429 Debt/Equity Ratio 0.29 or 29% 0.29 or 29% 0.29 or 29% Net profit margin Net profit margin ratio shows the level of business profitability. It is computed using after-tax income that is then divided by revenue amount. Basically, the ratio indicates sales amount that is left after all expenses have been settled. Further, it

Design and Media Art- Media Histories Class Assignment Essay

Design and Media Art- Media Histories Class Assignment - Essay Example An analysis of the Western capitalist societies and their changes was developed by a German-American group of theorists known as the Frankfurt School (Adorno 43). They were among the earliest producers of accounts in social theories on the significance of mass communication and culture in social domination and reproduction (Buck-Morss 12). They also generated the initial models of critical studies analyzing the procedures of cultural production and the reception of the audience. The studio audience is aware of the position from which the act may not be detected immediately as illusionary, but such a chance is not there for a scene of a movie in the process of being shot. It possesses the illusionary nature of a second degree that results from cutting. The mechanical equipment provided by industrialization has infiltrated deeply enough into reality such that its pure aspect is released from the foreign essence of the equipment through the shooting procedure. The combination of emotion al and visual enjoyment characterizes the progressive reaction of the audience. The feature of equipment free reality became the optimum level of artifice. Immediate reality became a priced element as technology advanced. In the 1930s, a critical approach was developed by the Frankfurt school towards communication and cultural studies. It combined textual analysis and analysis of ideological and social effects. To this end, they came up with the phrase culture industry to refer to the industrialization process of culture produced in mass as well as the commercial necessity that propelled the system. Theorists who criticized mass mediated cultural works in the perspective of industrial production claimed they portrayed similar features as all other mass produced products. However, the culture industries of the Frankfurt school held a specific role of providing ideologically legitimate theories of the capitalist societies’ existence and integrating art into its people’s lifestyles (Buck-Morss 16). With industrialization bringing forth more versatile cameras, the difference between the works of a painter and a cameraman were also understood on different levels. While there exists a natural distance between a painter’s work and reality, a cameraman can penetrate scenes more deeply. The painter’s product may be termed as a total product, while the cameraman’s is made up of multiple segments amassed through a new law. Therefore, after industrialization, present day man finds the reality represented by film superior to that portrayed by a painter. The detailed penetration of reality mechanical equipment is capable of achieving offers the reality in an aspect that contemporary man feels entitled to demand from artwork (Hopkinson 27). As the Frankfurt school promoted the mass and homogeneous production of media through its culture industry model, more models were developed including those by Walter Benjamin and Ernst Bloch (Fabian and Adam 19). However, the culture industry articulated the significant social roles media culture played by providing a commercially and technically advanced model. It played a key role in ideological reproduction and how it is perceived today to serve the needs of individuals and corporate interests. Question Two Although the camera obscura’s characteristics were observed in the Western world and China in the 16th century, the electronic and printed forms of images produced by cameras became a common and widely used way of arousing emotions and

Opinion Portfolio Essay Example for Free

Opinion Portfolio Essay 1. Are the media a real cause of violence and crime, or do they simply report what they see? The Media does not create the news it merely reports it.   It sensationalizes events, but cannot take responsibility for its impact on viewers.   In general the media has a responsibility which is married to society’s right to the free flow of information.   The irresponsible manner in which the media reports information can have both a deterrent and encouraging impact on the masses. But in the end criminal conduct is a creature of conscience and each member of society is responsible for his own conscience.   The greatest fault that can be attributed to the media’s role in reporting violence and crime is one of desensitizing the viewing public. 2. Should the media be used to fight crime? The media is viewed as an instrument of social control and in that sense it can and should be used to fight crime.   The key to successful detection, investigation and prosecution of criminal conduct is primarily attributed to information sharing.   The mere nature of the mass media’s role in information sharing puts it in a unique position to influence the commission of crimes.   The freedom of the press can be exploited to such an extent so as to reduce recidivism in a number of useful arenas and to deter criminal conduct in general. 3. Should the exclusionary rule be abolished? The exclusionary rule exists as a safeguard against public abuse of powers in respect of innocent persons.   All evidence presented at a criminal trial is required to be relevant.   If evidence is collected in an arbitrary manner it becomes suspect and therefore not relevant to the issue of guilt or innocence.   This is so because its probative value is outweighed by its prejudicial effect. When one piece of evidence is tainted it has the capacity to taint all other evidence no matter how relevant it is even if that other evidence was collected and preserved with integrity.   It is therefore essential that the exclusionary rule remain a part of the criminal justice process. Does a racial disparity exist in regard to the application of the death penalty? Many surveys conclude that blacks are more likely to receive the death penalty than whites while just as many surveys reveal that whites are more likely to receive the death penalty than blacks.   The end result is that the surveys merely reflect the demographic variables relative to the specific surveys conducted and do not reflect a prejudiced criminal justice system. 5. Are sexual assault cases under prosecuted? Sufficient data exist to support a contention that sexual assault cases are indeed under prosecuted.   This fact is married to the fact that sexual assault cases are by and large under reported.   Experts conclude that the under reporting and under prosecuting of sexual assault cases is directly linked to society’s general view that sexual assault only happens to others and the survivor’s reputation and credibility becomes as central to any sexual assault prosecution as does the suspect’s. 6. Should parole be abolished? Parole by its very nature is an important tool for the reintegration of the offender into society.   A prisoner has to meet very structured requirements in order to be eligible for parole. If parole is abolished a very important element necessary for the success of rehabilitation within the criminal justice system would be compromised. 7. Does the Patriot Act infringe on civil liberties? The Patriot Act was passed in response to national security issues following the September 11 terrorist attacks on US soil.   It is fails to adequately balance the need for increased protection of the homeland and citizens ‘right to protection of the law in respect of civil liberties.   Under the fear of increased statutory government powers of surveillance, search, seizure and arrests the Patriot Act may have by application given citizens more reasons to fear acts of terrorism against a government who has as its agenda the deterrence, detection and prevention of terrorism. 8. Is the US prepared for acts of terror or national emergencies? The United States is as prepared for acts of terror or national emergencies as much as it is possible to be prepared.   The requisite laws have been passed increasing police and government powers and certainly the United States has in place a military and medical response mechanism that can cope with practically any level of national emergencies. The unpredictable nature of terrorism and national emergencies makes it impossible for any nation to have a perfect response system in place.   The United States is no exception.

People With Dementia In Hong Kong Social Work Essay

People With Dementia In Hong Kong Social Work Essay Nowadays, day care, or nursing home is one of centers of providing stimulation to participants with dementia and scheduling relief to caregivers. However, day care did little to resolve continuing care issues that resume upon the individual returning home while it provided tremendous relief during the hours of service. So, family caregivers still provide extraordinary, uncompensated care, predominantly in the home setting (Lavretsky et al., 2010).   Unfortunately, caregivers are often placed at great risk for negative outcomes that also compromise the well-being of the patients with dementia and heighten their risk for placement in institutional settings. As a result, caregiver needs are overlooked in most clinical and service settings, which may exacerbate the issue of care of people with dementia. Challenges of family caregivers 1. Biological perspectives Caregivers of people with dementia must manage their loved-ones activities of daily living, such as dressing, toileting, and eating. Physically, caregivers are faced with demands involving assistance with daily activities and increased daytime dysfunction compared to non-caregiving controls (McKibbin et al., 2005). Besides, sleep disturbances have deleterious effects on family caregivers health, which is also documented as being predictive of heightened risks, including cardiovascular disease (Rose et al., 2008). At the same time, fatigue may contribute to the depletion of caregivers decision to institutionalize their demented spouse (Vitaliano et al., 2003). 2. Psychological perspectives The stress of caregiving in dementia has been highlighted in numerous studies, often described as an on-going stress process (Schulz Martire, 2004). At the beginning, loved one has been diagnosed with dementia, leaving many with a sense of dread, uncertainty, fear, and shame (Gorina et al., 2006). Moreover, in one study, caregivers expressed their concerns about a lack of knowledge on the cause of illness, on the treatments available for their relative, and on the types of services available and how to access those services (Wong et al., 2003). In addition, they feel frustration when having difficulty managing drug compliance and medical follow-ups, positive symptoms, such as bizarre behaviors, excessive and uncontrollable emotions, and negative symptoms of their relatives with mental illness, such as idling at home and lying in bed all the time (Wong, 2000). Later, grief might occur in response to loss of personal freedom, worry about the future, changes in roles and role conflict, and disruptions in functioning (Holly Mast, 2009). Compared with Western culture, the sense of familial responsibility among Chinese caregivers in Hong Kong exacerbates the stress of caregiving in dementia (Wong, 2000). Social perspectives Social costs are being borne by caregivers with relatives suffering from chronic mental illness (Lowder et al., 2005). Many studies have found that family members, particularly the caregivers, experience an increase in family conflicts, limited friendship and social life, financial difficulty, change in daily routines (Wong et al., 2002; Schulz Martire, 2004; Wong, 2006).Moreover, Hong Kong caregivers scored significantly higher in social costs than the Australian caregivers (Wong et al., 2002). Considering the challenges of family caregivers above, the purpose of this article is to explore the potentiality of supporting to caregivers of people with dementia in Hong Kong, in consideration of the well-being of the patients, especially of themselves. Current situation in Hong Kong Services provided in Hong Kong In Hong Kong the service provided for caregivers of dementia people is holistic. Social Welfare Department has hotline services as well as family services centers to offer counseling, support, and referral services to carers. And the carers support cernter in it and in Caritas Hong Kong also provide support services for those who need to take care of the elderly at home. Scope of service in such kind of centers are mianly skill-training and educational programs, self-help and mutual support groups, resouce corner, couseling and referral services, information giving, demonstration of rehabilitation-aid equipment and social recreational activities (GovHK, 2006). Although there are holistic intervention programs for the caregiver of dementia person in Hong Kong, we find that those programs maily focus on how to better care for the dementia people. After analyzing the challenges faced by family caregivers above, it is necessary to put emphasis on the carers as well. Secondly, prevention programs or services for carers of people with dementia which is diagnosed at the first stage are mentioned little. However, the prevention is important for carers as they may know the difficulties early and have the psychological preparation for all the possible challenges in order to provide better service for patients or supportive strength for themselves. Thirdly, the majority of intervention programs aim at primary caregivers. Nevertheless, according to the systemic family perspective (Yan, 2003), family is ecological. Although the primary caregiver is responsible for the daily care of the dementia elder, all family members will experience stresses. In ord er to establish a new equilibrium of family dynamics, roles and relationships, power and boundary restructuring are needed to be adjusted to the changing situation. Therefore, family as a system to be considered when an intervention plan is adopted is necessary and helpful to maintain a harmony and consolidate environment. 2. Policies supported Prior to World War 2, no community-based psychiatric service was available for people with mental illness in Hong Kong. These individuals were put into asylums run by charitable organizations, such as Tung Wah services (Yip, 1998). During 1960s and 1970s, very few community-based facilities, such as half-way houses and sheltered workshops for mentally ill persons were established (Wong, 2006). In 1982, the incident that an acutely psychotic person went into kindergarten, injured, and even killed a number of children created a scare in the community. As a consequence, the Hong Kong government took more responsibility in financing social and vocational rehabilitation services. In the early 1990s, psychiatric inpatient and community rehabilitation services have undergone many changes (Wong, 2006). However, there are several limitation of the mental health care system and policies. First of all is lack of direction and coordination of service. Whereas various political, social, and cultural conditions may have shaped the development and setting of different priorities in different countries, the Hong Kong SAR government still has not established an overall mental health policy to guide the development of mental health services in Hong Kong, even though various mental health acts have been legally endorsed in such countries as the United States, and Canada. Secondly, delivery of mental health services is inadequate. In Hong Kong, the dominant service delivery mode is still largely office-based, with a nine-to-five working schedule. Very few services operated on the weekends and after office hours. Therefore, when caregivers need professional help, their relative with chronic mental illness who is passive to treatment may not be able to receive timely interventions. Thirdly, ther e is a lack of community rehabilitation services. Currently, four government subsidized resource centers are available, but three of these four centers have been funded by the Social Welfare Department of Hong Kong only since October 2003. Moreover, lack of use of informal care is also a limitation. In Hong Kong, only several government-subsidized relative resource centers exist along with a few self-help groups with small memberships. The mental health care system has not fully utilized the resources available from these informal and networks (Wong, 2006). Finally, resources are lack for caregivers of people with dementia. At present, most of the resources in mental health care have been put into services for people with serious mental illness, such as schizophrenia, and very few resources have been devoted to establishing services for caregivers of people with mental illness, especially with dementia, within the misunderstanding of dementia as a normal phenomenon among the elderly . Moreover, some social workers may not have the clinical knowledge and skills in mental health to perform psychiatric assessment and counseling for caregivers and their relative with illness. Strategies on how to do prevention and intervention When to intervene? According to Rabins (1994), prevention can be categorized into three types: primary prevention, in which a disorder is prevented from occurring; secondary prevention, in which an intervention is provided early when the disorder is identified; and tertiary prevention, in which morbidity occurs, but long-term consequences of disorder are diminished after appropriate intervention (Rabins, 1994). A primary-prevention strategy would aim at families at risk and most current caregiver-intervention studies are secondary- prevention studies. They focus on individuals who have sought help from an organization. Identifying individuals who are at great risk of developing impairment due to social, financial, physical, intrapersonal, or interpersonal resources limit early in the course of caregiving could improve the use of existing services and prevent them from exacerbating more serious problems. Tertiary prevention, that is to minimize the morbidity of individuals who have clearly developed undesirable outcomes because of caregiving (Rabins, 1994). Based on the three phases, different interventions are used. Prevention programs can be applied to the family members with elderly people who might become possible patients or the caregivers of dementia people who have been diagnosed at an early stage. Public education programs about dementias can be useful to those families with elderly people. Also, people need to be encouraged to communicate with dementia patients or their caregivers to understand the possible challenges they may meet which also can be a way to support the existent caregivers. Besides, psycho-education group is another good way to help caregivers which offers support, knowledge and skills training. For the intervention plans, they are mostly applied to the carers who have already faced the difficulties and felt challenged for themselves as well as the patients during the caring. They may encounter the problems from biological and psychological perspectives. Moreover, they face the challenges of lacking family supp ort as well as social support which make them feel suffering. As a result, the following part will introduce the intervention plan for carers of dementia elderly. Different aspects to intervene a. Biological aspect It can be counterproductive for family members to continue caring for their relatives when they are under bad healthy situation, so it is necessary for family caregivers to recharge their energy by taking a break from caring for their relatives. They should be encouraged and helped to establish more fulfilling and interesting social lives or they can choose a relaxer such as aerobics, massage, watching movies with friends (Stehman, Strachan, Glenner, Glenner, Neubauer, 1996). Moreover, some skills such as Body scan (Stehman, et al., 1996) can calm the caregiver down when he or she feels stressful or has tight tension. Regular body examination is necessary for the carers as well. b. Psychological aspects According to psychological problems of caregivers, the most serious points are distress, low self-efficacy which can lead to depression and anger during the caring process (Gallagher-Thompson, 1994). When counseling with the carers, listening is valuable to them as they always need someone to listen to their feelings and experience which is a way of release (Marshall Tibbs, 2006). Moreover, using psycho-educational intervention programs can be helpful in which two programs were developed. One is Increasing Life Satisfaction, the one that focused on handling depression by increasing the frequency of engagement in pleasant activities, and the other one is Coping with Frustration which aims at anger-management skills and reducing the frequency as well as intensity of anger feelings (Gallagher-Thompson, 1994). Both of the two programs are developed from cognitive-behavioral perspective. And the duration can be last 10 sessions at three-month intervals between every three sessions. Secondly, other caregiver training programs which provide support to enhance positive emotion are always needed. The training shares two major goals: to improve caregivers ability to cope with the stress of caregiving and to empower caregivers by developing problem-solving strategies (Kaplan, 1996). The ability of solving problems when caring often relates to the cognitive status and will influence the stress level. Another pivotal aim is to increase the self-efficacy of carers. Since self-efficacy of caregivers relates to their physical and mental health and high level of depression may lead to low self-efficacy and more burden to caregivers, it is particularly significant to enhance the self-efficacy of caregivers (Fortinsky, Kulldorff, Kleppinger, Kenyon-Pesce, 2009). In a word, efficient intervention to help caregivers improve their problem-solving skills and thus enhance self-efficacy and reduce the stress as well as negative emotion such as guilty or anger is important when considering the psychological aspect. c. Family support As mentioned before, balanced family dynamics and support from other members are benefit to both the patient and the caregiver. Intervention programs that attempt to help the family members develop proper attitudes toward their relatives, acquire basic information on the day-to-day management of their relatives, improve communication skills are found to be useful. Indeed, it is necessary for the worker to see family members as partners and resources in the care of people with dementia disease. Family therapy (Marshall Tibbs, 2006) is traditionally practised in dysfunctional families and usually it is useful when families are under stress. Viewing dementia as a family problem rather than a problem for a single person, or the person and the carer, can be very constructive. In the family system, normally there are some subsytems such as siblings relationship, parent-child relationship, and marital relationship. And when one of the members have demetia problem, conflict or argument arises under the stressful environment. Under this circumstances, better communication and intimate relationship help to cope with the crisis (Quinn Herndon, 1986). The family had a clear but flexible boundary, which allowed other systems come in to provide assistance. The family members were also flexible in adjusting different roles and positioning in the family to achieve stability. So having family counseling, and involve all the possible members to discuss and share with each other is importa nt. Under the agreement, the members can support each other and the burden or emotional problem can be eased. d. Social support Caregiver support groups throughout the community to help people better cope with complex issues is necessary like the groups provided by Alzheimers Community Care (Caregiver Support Groups, 2010). Besides, it concludes one special service called 24-hour crisis line to provide crisis intervention. Such kind of intervention is quite useful because it will stabilize and coordinate emergency resources and advocate for the patient and caregiver. Moreover, it ensures the patient to achieve the optimum level of functioning, enabling the patient to remain in the least restrictive setting. Educational support group is an intervention used by the majority of the programs. The objectives are to help caregivers develop knowledge about dementia and the process of caring for someone with the disease; to assist caregivers to learn about the resources and services available to them and to support them in their experience of caregiving and in their need for self-care. Small groups of less than fifteen people can be offered to deepen and personalize the knowledge gained through the seminars. Caregivers feel more at ease to raise their concerns and questions. Moreover, workers can have the time to address concerns and issues selected from them. Enhanced Home and community services (EHCCS) program provided by Social Welfare Department of Hong Kong and Carer support Group organized by Hong Kong Alzheimer`s Disease Association offer such kind of platform for carers. Caregivers can get professional resources and emotional support from the sharing of experienced carers. Besides, resp ite care (Lawton, 1994) allows caregiver to be temporarily relieved of the responsibility for care. It qualifes as a broad generalized intervention because it supplies the wherewithal of time for the caregiver to do whatever he or she wishes-a ture open-ended intervention. Moreover, case management services provided by community help caregivers to negotiate the social services or health care system. Through this way, multiple professionals can be gethered to support and meet the needs of caregivers and patients. At last, social workers also can help through home visiting and offering couseling. During the helping process, communication skills and techniques such as nomalization, attending and miracle questions are needed to encourage caregivers to share and express their negative emotions and thus to assess the caregivers problem and help. When doing the couseling, music and art therapy can be an opportunity for carers to enjoy and improve the quality of life. 3. Suggestion for policies First of all, the provision of psychiatric care involves such different departments as health care, social services, education, and vocational training, and involves different professionals such as psychiatrists, occupational therapists, psychologists, and social workers. Different operation units have their own sets of criteria and procedures for accepting service user. It is easy to appreciate the difficulties and confusion family members face when accessing the mental health care system. Therefore, a systemic, comprehensive health care policy should be established, which provide the family caregivers with information on the various services available and secure the services for his or her relative. Secondly, since a large number of mentally ill individuals live with their family, and some these family members have taken up the caring roles, the government has the responsibility to provide resources and funding to support these family members. In essence, if family members can adequately perform their caring roles, it may reduce the chance of their relatives relapse and consequently fewer hospitalizations will occur. Finally, in order to increase the familys functioning of caring the dementia people in Hong Kong, the government needs to administer more resources to agencies that provide individual and group counseling for caregivers of people suffering from serious and mild psychiatric illness. Conclusion

Issues with the US Education System

Issues with the US Education System Kevin Portillo Public Policy: Deficiencies with the Education in America With new accommodations, such as the internet, smart phones and other gadgets, education has found its way across various outlets. Since the late twentieth century, public schools have adopted new ways in which a student may learn through the interaction of innovative technology. However, even with these new developments, deficiencies in America’s education still exist. Unequal access to education, poor education management, and recently failed legislation have all contributed to the weak educational system in the United States. When we learn about the Civil Rights issues America faced early in its infant years as a nation, we learn that black slaves were treated unequally because the simple difference in the color of their skin. White overseers and masters would have their way and do as they pleased over them with no remorse because they were considered property, not humans. After generations of mistreatment, disrespect and brutality, freedom finally came to all former slaves. Soon after, the United States granted their freedom with addition of the 14th amendment in 1868 which gave them the right of due process and equal protection of the law. Now that African American’s were free and protected by the law, they began to make use of their rights by sending their kids to school with the white kids. This caused an uproar in the classrooms. Children are mirror images of the one’s that raised them, and since most of the white kid’s parents were not okay with the new freedoms of African Ameri cans, hatred and disorder were day to day issues at almost every public school in America. The problem, at the time, was not only from the children in these schools; teachers, staff and faculty members were a major obstacle for African American children to receive the same level of education as the neighboring, white children.Though African American children were on the spotlight of this educational gridlock, they were not the only race to encounter road blocks in their children’s education; any minority race or ethnicity were also thrown into the mix as races that did not belong. It took up until near the end of the century, for the issue to be tried at the Supreme Court in the case of Plessy v Ferguson. The court ruled that all establishments must be â€Å"separate but equal† to all private businesses. As a result of the ruling, minority races were forced to attend establishments that were specifically for them. For example, black children were not permitted to atten d the â€Å"white’s only† schools, drink from â€Å"white’s only† water fountains, eat at the â€Å"white’s only† cafe’s nor use the â€Å"white’s only† facilities and commodities. Instead they had their own places where minority groups may do the things the supreme white men, women, and children did. These separate accommodations and facilities were always found in poor condition and lacked basic maintenance. You could easily distinguish which facilities were for the white’s and which were not. The end of segregation, especially in schools, was when the Supreme Court overruled its precedent in 1886 with decision in the case of Brown v Board of Education. The integration of all races in schools and private businesses was in full effect. Though retaliation was expected, President Eisenhower was prepared with an executive order for all public schools to open their doors to all races. This ultimately marked the end of hostile tension between minority groups but did not cease the tension within the classroom. It took time for society to over overcome its ego but the day of unity in schools across America from minority and majority groups came towards the end of the century. Education is about fostering the intellectual and curious ones. Mandatory schooling ends at age 17 in Texas. When we graduate from High School, it’s up to us to decide whether we pursue greater knowledge or develop skills. However, unless our preceding educational background is positive, our interest in learning will weaken. TheOECD report notes that facilitating lifelong learning is â€Å"paramount†. Yet, instead of embracing the facts, schools across America are hampered by an excessive bureaucracy that seems to diffuse learning. Take the SAT. With its distinct multiple-choice question and its defining influence in college admissions, the SAT is both intellectually omnipotent in its shaping impact. Teachers are forced to â€Å"teach the SAT† rather than sparking interest in knowledge and ultimately diminishes the learning environment. In doing so, it fails to encourage exceptional students and it fails to support struggling students. It defers developmental cur iosity to college. In the end, the costs are clear. Those students who don’t go to college, are left behind. Those who do go to college, have to learn how to learn. Within the last decade, legislation such as the No Child Left Behind Act (President Bush, 2001), was a mandate for accountability on educational standards and emphasis on test results. In theory, it will improve the quality of public education for all students. Supporters believe that the act’s initiatives will further democratize U.S. education, by setting standards and providing resources to schools, regardless of wealth, ethnicity, disabilities or language spoken. Those that oppose it allege that the act hasnt been effective in improving education in public education, especially high schools, as evidenced by mixed results in standardized tests. They also claim that standardized testing is deeply flawed and biased for many reasons, and that stricter teacher qualifications have exacerbated the nationwide teacher shortage, not provided a stronger teaching force. Some critics believe that the federal government has no constitutional authority in the educational arena, and that federal involvement erodes state and local control over education of their children. In addition to these problems, the No Child Left Behind Act hindered those students who are one level above their peers. The act made schools focus on those who are at risk of fallen behind and leave the students who stride in the shadows. Also, since their is no general definition for the â€Å"gifted† nor a standard way of implementing â€Å"gifted education, then leads those students walking into a dark room and expecting them to come out with everything they need for the rest of their lives. The No Child Left Behind Act shifted the attention of the higher level students and turned it to facilitating at risk students who only need the bare minimum to pass. At a college level, students combat themselves with a new learning environment and are forced to dropout because they can’t afford to go to college just to sit in a class and be bewildered and fail the class. In conclusion, America has been seen as one of the worldwide leaders in industry. However, it is mostly because people from other countries come to do their business here. It is time for America to confront its mediocre education mentality and begin focussing on legislation that benefits the student body of the generations to come. Teachers need to stop worrying so much about teaching how to take a test and focus more on how to answer the problems given instead. They should focus on teaching and ensuring that lessons they’ve taught will stick to them for more than the time until a test but for a lifetime instead. The U.S should ensure the future of its education by urging more legislation that will benefit the youth and anyone seeking higher education. In the long run, America will benefit from having â€Å"home-grown† entrepreneurs, engineers, doctors, lawyers, law officials and teachers. Inspiring education today will guarantee America’s stability tomorrow.

Free Essays - Jefferson’s Character in A Lesson Before Dying :: Lesson Before Dying Essays

Jefferson’s Character A Lesson Before Dying takes place in a small Louisiana Cajun community in the late 1940’s. In the novel, Jefferson, a young black man, is an unwitting party to a liquor store shoot out in which three men are killed; being the only survivor, he is convicted of a murder and sentenced to death. Jefferson’s personality and physical appearance in the novel provides not only a relationship to the courtroom and his cell, but also connected to the geographical setting of the book.   In the initial setting of the novel, Jefferson sits in a courtroom located in rural Louisiana, which is filled with anger , tension, isolation, and quietness from the people in the room. This setting of the book supports Jefferson’s personality in chapter 9 when Jefferson’s character is introduced. Jefferson’s cell could be considered the second setting or Jefferson’s setting in the book. Jefferson’s relationship to the courtroom (initial setting) supports Jefferson’s personality in the prison. He is isolated just like in the courtroom. â€Å" There was an empty cell between Jefferson and the rest of the prisoners† (Gaines 71). Jefferson’s cell was not only isolated like a courtroom in rural Louisiana, but quiet. â€Å"Jefferson’s been quiet . . . He didn’t answer† (71). Due to Jefferson’s isolation and quietness, he has built anger inside. An anger which had been building up since the courtroom conviction. â€Å"Nothing don’t matter,†he said, looking up at the ceiling.† (73) The first setting of the novel is similar to Jefferson’s cell setting. The three settings: the courtroom , location of the town, and prison all have similarities to Jefferson’s character traits. Theme: Jefferson’s character represents race the best. The opportunity for equal representation for the African Americans in the book is shown through Jefferson. There is a constant comparison and view of blacks vs. whites in the novel. â€Å" To show too much intelligence would have been an insult to them.† (47) The respect of race varied in the book, but at the end Jefferson’s character prevailed. The author summons the reader to confront the entire bitter history of black people in the South and America as a whole. The theme of race ties into the novel when the characters begin to declare the value of their lives in a time and place in which those lives seemingly count for nothing. Jefferson’s relationship to the theme in the novel only occurs

Compare and contrast the attitudes to war as reflected in for the :: English Literature

Compare and contrast the attitudes to war as reflected in for the fallen and the send off. 'For the fallen' and 'The Send-off' are poems written demonstrating attitudes towards war. Whilst banyan conveys an idealised, romantic picture of war that depicts the soldiers as heroic and courageous, Owens attitudes towards war are more pessimistic in nature. Owen uses appearance versus reality to show the corruption and misery of war. Binyan and Owen convey their attitudes through the language, structure and poetic devices they employ The attitudes to war in 'for the fallen' are patriotic and romanticised. The opening lines, 'with proud thanksgiving,' suggest grandeur, prestige and honour. Binyan conveys the ideas that fighting for your country, and serving in the war is honourable. To emphasise the honour of fighting in the war banyan employs a metaphorical representation of England as the capital mother. 'a mother for her children,' through personifying England as a mother it is almost like England has nurtured and shaped her children which are symbolic of the soldier which depicts the view that it was the soldiers duty to fight for their country. The repetition of the words 'for her,' evokes guilt in the readers as banyan illustrates the attitude at the time being that England has done so much for the soldiers that it was expected of them to give back to their country. Contrasting to the patriotic and idealised image of war and serving your country the representation that Owen conveys of war, is eerie and daunting,' the darkening lanes.' The imagery of the 'darkening lane' could reflect the lives of the solders sent to war, it suggests that their death were almost inevitable and they were bound to death before they wee even sent off. The use of the word darkening eliminates any hope the readers may have and illustrates Owens attitude that they're no hope in fighting and without hope there was no purpose or point in fighting. Owen also expresses certain vulnerability in the soldiers as they are sent into a world which they know nothing about. Similarly Binyan demonstrates the same naivety and innocence of the soldiers that served in the war. 'They went with songs to the battle,' suggests that the soldiers were unprepared and unaware of the harsh realities of war, which is reflected in the behaviour. Binyan demonstrates that the soldiers entered the battle field with aspirations, the fact that they were ready to fight for their country 'against the odds uncounted,' and went almost willingly 'with songs,' demonstrates honour. Binyan follows this with, 'they were young,' which emphasises their naivety and innocence; the soldiers were vulnerable but remained 'true of eye, steady and aflow,' which Compare and contrast the attitudes to war as reflected in for the :: English Literature Compare and contrast the attitudes to war as reflected in for the fallen and the send off. 'For the fallen' and 'The Send-off' are poems written demonstrating attitudes towards war. Whilst banyan conveys an idealised, romantic picture of war that depicts the soldiers as heroic and courageous, Owens attitudes towards war are more pessimistic in nature. Owen uses appearance versus reality to show the corruption and misery of war. Binyan and Owen convey their attitudes through the language, structure and poetic devices they employ The attitudes to war in 'for the fallen' are patriotic and romanticised. The opening lines, 'with proud thanksgiving,' suggest grandeur, prestige and honour. Binyan conveys the ideas that fighting for your country, and serving in the war is honourable. To emphasise the honour of fighting in the war banyan employs a metaphorical representation of England as the capital mother. 'a mother for her children,' through personifying England as a mother it is almost like England has nurtured and shaped her children which are symbolic of the soldier which depicts the view that it was the soldiers duty to fight for their country. The repetition of the words 'for her,' evokes guilt in the readers as banyan illustrates the attitude at the time being that England has done so much for the soldiers that it was expected of them to give back to their country. Contrasting to the patriotic and idealised image of war and serving your country the representation that Owen conveys of war, is eerie and daunting,' the darkening lanes.' The imagery of the 'darkening lane' could reflect the lives of the solders sent to war, it suggests that their death were almost inevitable and they were bound to death before they wee even sent off. The use of the word darkening eliminates any hope the readers may have and illustrates Owens attitude that they're no hope in fighting and without hope there was no purpose or point in fighting. Owen also expresses certain vulnerability in the soldiers as they are sent into a world which they know nothing about. Similarly Binyan demonstrates the same naivety and innocence of the soldiers that served in the war. 'They went with songs to the battle,' suggests that the soldiers were unprepared and unaware of the harsh realities of war, which is reflected in the behaviour. Binyan demonstrates that the soldiers entered the battle field with aspirations, the fact that they were ready to fight for their country 'against the odds uncounted,' and went almost willingly 'with songs,' demonstrates honour. Binyan follows this with, 'they were young,' which emphasises their naivety and innocence; the soldiers were vulnerable but remained 'true of eye, steady and aflow,' which

Globalization: A Closer Look at the Ford Company

A Closer Look at the Ford Company Ford Motor Company multinational cooperation that uses outsourcing to lower costs and boost productivity. Until the sass's Ford had a supply chain that allowed them to control every aspect of the making and distributing of their automobiles. From the steel and rubber plants that make the parts, to building the vehicles, storage and shipping. Though this was a good way for the companies to promote local made in America vehicles it was not however time or cost effective.As a result of competition from other automotive companies Ford made the drastic changes of outsourcing the making of parts and manufacturing to other countries to speed productivity and lower costs. The advantages to the local communities as a result of outsourcing is that there are Jobs added to the community. The local communities that may have been struggling were given the opportunities to work for a company that produces good quality parts and manufacturing vehicles more quickly. The negative effects that this may have on a community is that more people would want to work for the outsourced company which leaves more local Jobs open.Also if the cost of living may increase because of the growth from the industry, which would ultimately make living harder in those countries for the people that do not work for the outsourced company. Global stratification affects the United States positively because it decreases the cost of manufacturing as well as the cost to pay the employees. This helps the companies to save more money than to keep the business in the United States. By outsourcing the company can save more money to pay the people higher p employees in the companies.At the same time global stratification has a negative effect on the United States because it takes Jobs away from the local people. If more companies kept their businesses in the United States it would create more jobs for the people that live here instead of adding to the employment of other count ries. The outsourcing of manufacturing Jobs may be contributing to the increasing unemployment rates that the United States is experiencing. The big winner in the companies that use outsourcing is the company that does the outsourcing, in this case it is the Ford Company.Ford was able to decrease their production time from 45 to 60 days per vehicle to only 15 days with the outsourced jobs. Ford was able to keep more finished vehicles ready to be shipped to waiting customers. Ford was also able to decrease the costs of manufacturing to make a higher profit off each vehicle sold. Though the countries that are fortunate enough to be chosen to be a part of the outsourced company gains Jobs and an increase in their economy but they are still on the short end of the stick.

Childcare Center Director Essay

Do you enjoy working with children? Is a question that I like to think of when it comes to working in the field dealing with the responsibilities of taking care of children. Today, there are more needs for children to be taking care of and learning about why it is so important to have a good education. I can remember when I was about ten or eleven years old, I use to babysit children during the summer, I would teach them their ABC’s, how to count, and recognize numbers, shapes, sizes, and their colors. Being a Childcare Center Director is my dream career, because I wanted to ensure that my children will be taught and learn why it is so important in having a good education. I will not only have a Childcare Center to sit and watch children just to earn an income, I want to ensure the parents that my Center will benefit their child or children that this is an educational center as well. Today, Childcare Directors are among one of the highest paying job in the United States, according to the http://www.bls.gov/ooh/management/preschool-childcare-centers-directors.htm (visited December 19, 2012). Childcare Directors are expected to grow by eight percent between the years of 2008-2018. A Preschool and Childcare Center Directors is an institution of early childhood education for children between the ages of three-to-five year old. Directing a Preschool/Childcare Center is exhausting and can also be complicated at times when you have a problem that involves the matter with a parent and one of your employees. It is your responsibility to make that your staff understands the responsibility in handle and dealing with problems that have occurred. It is a dedicated job, but you must have the desire love and work with children’s. What do they do as a Director? Is one of many question people tends to ask and wonder about. Being a Childcare Director is not just a job sitting behind a desk, they have many responsibilities to tend to such as, providing a clean, safe and educational environment. For example, they have to hire and training staffs, communicate with the parents, employee and children’s on a day-to-day base. But the most important of their job is to ensure that the staff is well trained and that they are well qualified to meet and follow the center’s rules and guidelines. They have to make sure that they comply with the state and federal laws. To be a Childcare Director they also must meet certain requirements that are set among the state laws, depending on the location and state that you desire to work in. According to the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services (www.dfps.state.tx.us) , that anyone serving as an administrator of a Childcare Center in Texas must hold a Childcare Administration License. Depending on the location or state, you have different requirements and standards to meet. The Directors are required to have at least a Bachelor’s Degree, some even required to have Master’s Degree. Being a Childcare Director you have the opportunity to earn a certification but you are not required to have one. According to the Bureau of Labor (www.bls.gov) the highest paying states in Childcare Center Director are District of Columbia, Massachusetts, New York, California, and Alaska. Comparing to others daycare positions a Daycare Directors have the highest wages, they have almost 20,000 more per year than just been a Daycare Center employee. You can at least expect to gross out between $39,000 to almost 43,000 a year, in which that means you making between $20.00 to $22.00 an hour. Since Childcare Directors have the responsibility of the financial management of the centers, with their salaries this means that they will be able to develop a budget, manage the accounting and over sees accounts, payable and receivable. Being a Childcare Directors plays a major role in the world today. As you can see working as a Childcare Director is not just a sit down or working behind a desk job, you have to be active, ensuring parents that your center is not only a Childcare center, but a center to where their child will be taught and learn the basic of what it will take for them to have a better education. You are the sole owner and responsible for whatever goes on in your facility under your care, rather it is setting up meetings, dealing with the parents or seeing about the children. You are responsible from the time your doors are open until closing. So as you can see that why I love to work with children, because I want to make sure that once they leave my daycare, they can have something to look forward the next and to their future. References Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition, Human Resources Managers, on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/ooh/management/human-resources-managers.htm (visited December 19, 2012). Preschool and Childcare Center Directors [pic]. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition. Preshcool directer: Job description and requirements. (2003-2012). Retrieved from http://education-portal.com/articles Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition, the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/ooh/management/preschool-childcare-centers-directors.htm (visited December 19, 2012). http://educationportal.com/articles/Preschool_Director_Job_Description_and_Requirements.html © copyright 2003- 2012 Education-Portal.com. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. All rights reserved. [pic] http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/11-9031.00#menu

Business Etiquette and Manners Essay

Each time one makes contact with ones employees, employers or customers one leaves a certain impression of oneself and the company, service or product one represents and first impressions always do make an impact on achieving business objectives. Therefore it is very important for one to leave the right perception on people by learning how to properly conduct oneself in a business environment. Business etiquette is how one does what one does in the business world. This is true on factory assembly lines, corporate boardrooms, commercial kitchens and grocery stores. When working in an office all day, it is very important to showcase good manners and proper office etiquette. Listed below are some pointers regarding proper behavior: * Treat everyone with respect: If you want to encourage the office behavior of respect, you must start by giving it to others at all times. From the receptionist at the front desk to the CEO of the company and prospective clients, modeling respectful attitudes toward all people is the first step in fostering work professionalism. Respect must also be given to individuals who come into contact with you that are not part of the company, including delivery persons, office equipment repair persons, property managers and especially customers. Be kind and courteous to everyone. * Addressing individuals by their honorific or title: Due to informality in the workplace today, a lot of business is lost, and goodwill destroyed, because of total disregard for properly addressing clients. The proper way to address clients is to greet them using their honorific or title followed by their last name; women should be referred to as ‘Ms. ’ Regardless of their marital status. Refer to individuals frequently by their names: Take the time and make the effort to pay attention to the name of the person you are being introduced to. A person’s name means everything to them. To build rapport with a client, mention their name several times during the conversation, it helps in making a connection with the client and reaching out to them on a personal level. * Introduce people with confidence: Most people hate making introductions, because they do not know how to properly make them. Introducing people with confidence is a great way to impress your customers. In business, introductions are determined by precedence. The person who holds the position of highest authority in an organization takes precedence over others who work there. For example, you introduce your company’s president to a colleague. * Be on time: Punctuality is one of the key criterion’s of judging your potency as a worker. Ensure that you reach your office and corporate events you might be invited to punctually. If at all practicable try reaching ten minutes early. This may give you an opportunity to relax and unwind before you commence with your work. If you are a guest, understand that the organizer has been selective with the invitation list. Many invitations will include a brief agenda that highlights when guests may arrive for the event, typically providing a window of 15 to 30 minutes for registration and welcome reception times. * Wear proper office attire: Watch your garments. While this holds true for any one, it holds even more importance for ladies. Your office is meant to be a place for work and not some fancy dress competition. At work, you should be dressed in a straightforward yet smart fashion. Formal suits and dresses should be worn in neutral colors so that they reflect your professionalism. Make contact: There are few physical contacts that are appropriate in business; the most important and acceptable is your handshake. Your handshake is a non-verbal clue that indicates to the other person whether or not you are a take charge person. For example, a firm and strong handshake suggests that you are decisive, in control. Greet everyone with a firm, sincere handshake, a friendly smile and direct eye contact. However, when approaching a group of individuals, it’s important to note that you should always shake the hand of the highest ranking officer first. Maintain a healthy office environment: Keep the space professional and neat with appropriate personal touches! People will see the space and consider it a reflection of you. Whether it is a cubicle or office, respect others’ space. Don’t just walk in; knock or make your presence gently known. Don’t assume acknowledgement of your presence is an invitation to sit down; wait until you are invited to do so. Don’t interrupt people on the phone, and don’t try to communicate with them verbally or with sign language. You could damage an important phone call. Limit personal calls, especially if you work in a space that lacks a door. Learn when and where it is appropriate to use your cell phone in your office. Food consumption should generally be regulated. Smells and noise from food can be distracting to others trying to work. * While dealing with customers: Name-tumblers when we introduce ourselves or other people has become a major problem; especially on the telephone. We need to slow down and pronounce our names slowly, clearly and distinctly. At first it may feel as if you are exaggerating your name, but you are really helping the other person and improving overall communication. When dealing with angry customers, it is important to restrain your anger, remain calm, listen to them and assure them that you will solve their problems. Especially over the telephone while handling complains, speak softly. That will soothe the speaker and show him or her that you’re interested in handling the complaint in a calm, rational way. Learning the rules of business etiquette is not very hard and it is not costly as many companies offer formal training on business etiquette, including communications, attire, networking, international business etiquette and new hire etiquette training. People truly desire to do business with those that make them comfortable and know how to best handle themselves in a variety of situations. Learning to incorporate good business etiquette into the workplace will pay dividends both in employee morale and on your company’s bottom line. Customer loyalty also improves when good business etiquette is in full force as it is reflected in the atmosphere of your office or shop.

Political View Essay

My first political view was formed through my family. Although politics weren’t really discussed with children, I eavesdropped in the conversations from time to time. I would hear how they liked one candidate over the other due to the issues they stood for. By overhearing my parents, I learned which issues were favored in my community. Those I grew up around were democrats. I heard a lot about needing officials in office that cared about the people instead of money. Learning about government in school growing up allowed those views learned from my parents to be challenged. Although the curriculum was generally unbiased, the teachers that taught my courses had the opportunity to add their own opinions on a mass amount of political issues. This changed my mind on the democratic views that I had. The media has also influenced me through the information I have gained through it. Television and social media often discusses a lot of politics. They continue to cover the daily activities of the government. The presidential election is covered on the news as high priority. I am able to learn about the candidates that are running and each of their views. Because I don’t try to associate myself with a particular political party, the televised debates help me decided who to vote for president. Although my family, teachers, and the media has been a big influence on my political views, my own experiences with politics have formed my views the most. A lot of my life’s experiences have been affected by politics. Issues such as education and employment are big ticket items in politics that I am directly affected by. Keeping up with the current issues allow me to know what’s going to change for me personally. Although I am not tied to any specific political party, I do have certain issues that are important to me.

The Odyssey – What Is a Hero

Ashley Literature and Composition 1 8 March 2010 â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer What is a hero? One who holds a proud countenance or obtains a strong build? Different cultures and ethnicities may have their own, unique definition of a hero. Although the Greeks believed that such a principled individual is someone that people look up to, and a title such as this cannot be bestowed upon the ordinary. In Homer’s â€Å"The Odyssey†, it is Odysseus who possesses the true characteristics of a hero wisdom, loyalty and showing moral improvement.Homer describes Odysseus as an intelligent individual; this statement is proven fact when in the cave of the Cyclops Polyphemus, Odysseus’s first thought was to kill the giant. Instead of acting upon his first thoughts Odysseus takes the time to use his intelligence and realize that Polyphemus is the only way out of the cave. Odysseus offers wine to Polyphemus who then asks his providers’ name, Odysseus wittily replies with â€Å"Nohbody: mother, father, and friends, everyone calls me Nohbody† (Homer Lines 360-361). Even as he spoke, he reeled and tumbled backward, his great head lolling to one side and sleep took him like any creature† (Lines 360-366). Odysseus and his men blind Polyphemus while sleeping which results in the giant yelling to his brothers that, â€Å"Nohbody, Nohbody’s tricked me. Nohbody’s ruined me! † and no one came to his aide (Line 443). In this example, Odysseus shows his intelligence, a trait one can infer that the Greeks admired, by lying to Polyphemus to save the lives of his men.Also, after 2 eturning home to Ithaca to find many suitors begging for his wife’s hand in marriage, Odysseus disguises himself as a beggar to avoid attention. The seemingly beggar at first glance enters the home of Odysseus to witness the emotional destruction of his wife Penelope. Odysseus is disguised until the last possible moment when he eventually rev eals himself after completing the task to win Penelope’s hand in marriage. Odysseus is a marvel character whose characteristics allow readers to infer that the Greeks held the trait f intelligence in respect for a hero. During 720 BC, when â€Å"The Odyssey† was first published, the book explained that Odysseus preferred not to go to war, especially a war fought for an unfaithful woman. The Greeks showed no signs of disloyalty as a respectable trait for any man or woman, therefore when Odysseus is described as a faithful man, he is immediately categorized as a hero. To an extent Odysseus’s bravery can be substantiated by Athena’s constant support, and also proving his loyalty to the Greek Gods during his twenty years away from home.Locked away on the goddess Calypso’s island, Odysseus, despite the attraction he feels toward the nymph goddess, stayed as faithful as possible to his Penelope proving his devoted love for her. Calypso had offered him im mortality and a life bound her, but with his one goal in mind, (to return home) Odysseus declines the offer proving his loyal character. Along with the promised loyalty to his wife, Odysseus was equally faithful to his men. When in the face of danger, his men looked to Odysseus for help and guidance knowing that he will come to their aide.An example of this mutual relationship is when Odysseus and his followers landed on the island of Aeaea, where they rested to replenish their strength. His men were divided in half and Odysseus and his half of followers stayed behind when the rest of his men journeyed through the island to investigate. After finding the palace of the goddess Circe the men were 3 welcomed into the palace by the goddess herself. One man, Eurylochus, sensed danger and stayed hidden outside while the others ate and drank the pleasures provided by Circe.The win was drugged, causing the men to forget all memories of their home. After drugging the men, Circe used her twis ted magic and transformed the men into swine. Eurylochus quickly returned to Odysseus and explained the evil doings of Circe. Odysseus traveled to the house of the goddess alone, where she invited him in and gave him the same drugged wine. With the help of the Messenger God Hermes, Odysseus managed to escape the magic of Circe and threatened her with his sword into changing his men back.Taking responsibility for his men’s lives and sacrificing his own instead of running away from the danger is proof of his loyal character. Odysseus’s principle attribute is loyalty which the Greeks believe, is in belonging to a heroic figure. Everyone deserves a second chance; learning from your mistakes provides evidence of your improving character. Throughout â€Å"The Odyssey† one may make comments about the numerous faults they find in Odysseus’s character such as; his love of glory, and his abiding arrogance.However, nearing the end of the tale Odysseus does not immed iately react violently upon the dreadful sight of the many suitors destroying the heart of his Penelope. Instead of acting quickly, Odysseus patiently waits until the right time to reveal his identity and surprise the suitors with their own death. Learning and improving your reputation are the qualities one can infer from the epic that were greatly admired by the Greeks as a heroic trait. During the period where heroes were described as intelligent, loyal, and dedicated, Odysseus is described as a model warrior in Homer’s â€Å"Odyssey† and a true heroic being.With his intelligence Odysseus saves the lives of his devoted followers when a desperate situation calls for hero. His loyalty provides reassurance to his wife 4 Penelope and his men that he will soon return home. Odysseus shows his improving character by learning from his past mistakes to improve the future. These traits are just a few traits that the Greeks, during Homer’s time period, held in the highes t regard for a hero. 5 Works Cited Homer. â€Å"The Odyssey†. New York: Ballantine Books, 1973

Diversity in the workplace Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diversity in the workplace - Term Paper Example Helping understand the concept of diversity, let us take the example of a family system. An entire family consists of individual persons- for example, obviously different sexes, different groups of age, belief systems being different too, bringing up of these individuals and having different values etc. Now why an entire family is like it is. The answer to this question is that there is a want and need to learn about each other and be a part of each other’s lives. Without this, the family system would not be present, like it is today. Usually, the Human Resource Department plays an important part in diversity planning and leadership to build and empower an organizational custom that promotes a respectful, inclusive, knowledge-based atmosphere where each employee has the opportunity to learn, nurture and meaningfully add value to the organizations achievement. Many multinational corporations and big firms have found it a need of the hour that diversity is essential for any business’s success. It helps in retaining employees that are efficient and hard working, lowering the costs by having in-house skills developers, and having a goodwill that is there for the overall betterment of the company. Talking about multinational companies, let us take the example of Coca Cola. Initially Coke has its headquarters at Atlanta, but its business is all over the world and more than fifty percent of the revenue comes from outside the USA. The only reason for doing so is that, Coke believes in diverse workforce and wherever it has gone, it has looked after its employees. They give the locals, key positions in the firm, and listen to what ideas they provide. Obviously, locals are residing there, and they know the market there well. Now if Coke, used the same technique and strategy to sell its products say in India, as it did in the US, straight away failure would be there.

Models for Web Based Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Models for Web Based Learning - Essay Example Thirdly, web based learning also helps in small group collaboration. There is also a possibility of using web-based learning as blended learning processes. We can broadly look at web based learning to mean delivery and support to an educational and learning course over the web. Essentially comprising of course materials, quizzes, tests and direct discussions are all made over the web. The course materials created on many occasions are made for contact based learning. When this gets used in web based learning the impact that is realised out of it is limited. Of course, on many situations web based learning would require basic information which can be supplemented by such books. Whereas the requirements of web based learning is different and requires a different style of approach. If they are not employed then the effectiveness of using technology for course delivery is lost. Since most of the technology components are typically asynchronous in nature, delivery has to necessarily go through asynchronous course management. The best way to deliver web based learning might find itself in a multitude of options. It is not possible to arrive at a specific conclusion that would help us in deciding on the right kind of learning processes. ... As AW Bates (1995) says, new technologies such as computers and video conferencing are not necessarily better; it is just that they are different. But then the content of the program and the learning exercise itself is the same old thing and has to be done much in the same way. Web based learning starts from a pure distance learning exercise to a face to face learning system where distance education is used to support the normal program. This is looked at as a continuum and the delivered training depending upon the methods adopted might have varying degrees of personal contact in them (Judie McKimm, 2003). The Learning and Teaching Support Network (LTSN) is formed in UK to make use of the available technology and to provide quality programs to students across the country specifically in dentistry, medicine and veterinary science. Most of the pure distance learning systems would work towards understanding the individual's requirements; it would ideally provide for the needs of the individuals and tries to personalise them to the extent possible. Figure 1: Teaching Process To some extent web based programs could help in drawing out conventional programs and incorporate web based program features in it to enhance the value of the programs. While conventional distance education programs lack the ease of connectivity and communication between the student and the teacher, web based learning could provide the person the same. The other important aspect of web based learning is the asynchronous nature of the communication. This is both a disadvantage and an advantage. Advantage because the timings of the student and the teacher need not go together. Disadvantage is also the same, since this will mean the